EXPLORE
CZECH REPUBLIC
Your Comprehensive Destination Guide
At a Glance
Total area: 78,866 square kilometers
Capital: Prague
Religion: Historically, the country was predominantly Roman Catholic; however, today, the majority of people identify as non-religious or atheist, while Christianity remains the largest religion.
Population: Approximately 10.5 million
Languages: Czech (official) and Slovak are also widely understood; English and German are commonly spoken in tourist areas.
Currency: Euro (EUR, €)
Banking Hours: Mon–Fri, 8:30 am–4:30 pm; some banks are open on Saturday mornings in larger cities.
Telephone/Communication: The country code is +420. Mobile networks have excellent coverage, including 4G and, increasingly, 5G. Free Wi-Fi is commonly available in hotels, cafes, and public places.
Climate: Temperate continental climate.
- Winters (Dec–Feb) can be cold with snow, temperatures often between -5°C and 3°C (23°F–37°F)
- Summers (Jun–Aug) are warm, averaging 20°C to 25°C (68°F–77°F)
- Spring and autumn are mild with variable weather.
VAT in the Czech Republic
Non-EU residence: If you’re a non-EU resident, you may be eligible for a VAT refund on goods purchased in the Czech Republic under these conditions:
Requirements:
- The total purchase must exceed 2,001 CZK (approx. €80) per receipt per store per day.
- You must export the goods from the EU within 3 months of purchase.
- You must get a Tax-Free Form from the store when you purchase.
- When leaving the EU, present the goods, receipts, passport, and completed form to customs officials to obtain a customs stamp.
- Claim your refund at the airport or through a VAT refund service (e.g., Global Blue, Planet).
Important Notes:
- VAT refunds are only available for goods, not services (e.g., hotel stays, restaurant meals).
- The store must be part of a tax-free shopping scheme.
- Refunds are typically 85–90% of the VAT paid (processing fees may apply).
Travel Requirements
Entry & Visa
Visa-Free Travel:
- U.S. passport holders can enter the Czech Republic (a Schengen Area country) without a visa for tourism, business, or short-term study for up to 90 days within 180 days.
Passport Validity:
- Your passport must be valid for at least three months beyond your departure date from the Schengen Area.
Proof of Funds:
- You may be required to demonstrate sufficient financial means for your stay.
Return or Onward Ticket:
- While not always mandatory, it’s advisable to have a return or onward ticket to show your intent to leave the Schengen Area within the allowed period.
Travel Insurance:
- While not a strict entry requirement, it’s highly recommended to have travel medical insurance that covers potential health issues or accidents during your stay. Some accommodations may request proof of insurance upon check-in.
Entry/Exit System (EES)
Biometric Data Collection:
- Starting in October 2025, the EU will implement the Entry/Exit System (EES), which will collect biometric data (fingerprints and facial recognition) upon entry and exit.
- This system aims to enhance border security and streamline the entry process.
Future Travel Authorization (ETIAS)
Upcoming Requirement:
- In late 2026, U.S. travelers must obtain an ETIAS (European Travel Information and Authorization System) authorization before entering the Schengen Area.
- This is not a visa but a pre-screening process to enhance security.
- The application will be online, cost €7, and be valid for three years or until your passport expires.
Getting there from the US
Currently, there are no year-round direct flights, but seasonal/direct flights are sometimes available from
- New York (JFK or EWR)
- Philadelphia (PHL) via American Airlines (seasonal)
Most travelers connect through major European hubs such as
- Frankfurt (FRA)
- Amsterdam (AMS)
- Paris (CDG)
- London (LHR)
- Zurich (ZRH)
- Munich (MUC)
- Istanbul (IST) (often the best-priced long-haul option)
Travel Safety Tips
Stay Alert in Crowded Tourist Areas. Places like Prague’s Old Town, Charles Bridge, and major train stations attract pickpockets. Keep wallets, phones, and bags secure, and be mindful of your surroundings.
Use Licensed Transport. Always use official taxis or reliable ride-hailing apps like Bolt or Uber. Public transport (trams, buses, and metro) is safe, clean, and punctual.
Watch Your Belongings in Public Transport. Pickpocketing can happen on busy trams or buses. Keep bags zipped and close to your body.
Be Careful at Night. Central areas in Prague and other cities are generally safe, but the streets should not be poorly lit or isolated late at night.
Respect Local Laws and Customs. Many indoor public places ban smoking. Only those aged 18 and over can receive alcohol service.
Emergency Number. Dial 112 for police, fire, or medical emergencies anywhere in the Czech Republic.
Stay Informed About Demonstrations. Political protests sometimes happen in Prague; avoid large crowds or demonstrations to stay safe.
Beware of Scams. Exercise caution regarding unofficial tour guides, currency exchange booths with suspiciously high rates, or individuals offering unsolicited assistance.
Health and Hygiene. Tap water is safe to drink. If you have allergies or dietary restrictions, learn basic Czech phrases to communicate them.
Travel Insurance: Always have travel insurance covering theft, medical emergencies, and trip cancellations.
As of June 2025, the Czech Republic has lifted all COVID-19-related entry restrictions. Travelers are no longer required to present proof of vaccination, recovery, or a negative test upon arrival. Additionally, the passenger locator form is no longer necessary for entry.
Health Safety Tips
Recommended Vaccinations for Travelers
While the Czech Republic does not mandate specific vaccinations for entry, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Passport Health recommend the following for travelers:
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR): Ensure you are up-to-date on the MMR vaccine.
- Hepatitis A: Recommended for most travelers, mainly if unvaccinated.
- Hepatitis B: Recommended for travelers exposed to blood or body fluids.
- Tetanus: Ensure your tetanus vaccination is up-to-date.
- Tick-borne Encephalitis: Recommended for travelers spending time outdoors in rural or forested areas, particularly from spring to autumn.
- Rabies: Considered for travelers who may have close contact with animals.
Health Insurance Requirements
- While not a strict entry requirement, comprehensive travel health insurance that covers medical expenses, including emergency evacuation and repatriation, is highly recommended. Upon arrival, some travelers have reported receiving requests for proof of insurance, particularly for more extended stays or specific visa types.
Animal Bites:
- Avoid contact with stray animals to reduce the risk of rabies and other zoonotic diseases.
Food and Water Safety:
- Tap water is generally safe to drink. However, travelers with sensitive stomachs may prefer bottled water.
Medical Facilities:
- The Czech Republic boasts high-quality medical facilities, particularly in major cities like Prague. Dialing 112 will connect you to emergency services.
Fun Facts!
- Home of the Original Beer—The world’s first beer, Pilsner, was brewed in the Czech city of Plzeň in 1842. The country still drinks the most beer per capita worldwide!
- Fairy-Tale Castles—The Czech Republic has over 2,000 castles and chateaux, including the famous Prague Castle, one of the largest ancient castles in the world.
- Birthplace of the Word “Robot”—The term “robot” was first introduced in a 1920 play by Czech writer Karel Čapek.
- Medieval Astronomical Clock—Prague’s Old Town Square houses the world’s oldest working astronomical clock, dating back to 1410.
- Bohemian Crystal—The Czech Republic is renowned for its exquisite hand-cut glass and crystal, which is known worldwide as Bohemian crystal.
- UNESCO World Heritage Sites—The country boasts 14 UNESCO sites, including the historic center of Prague and the medieval town of Český Krumlov.
- The Czech Republic is known for its natural mineral springs and spa towns like Karlovy Vary, which are popular for wellness tourism.
- Learning a few Czech phrases can facilitate communication with locals, as Czech is a Slavic language closely related to Slovak.
- Puppetry is a cherished Czech tradition with a rich history.
- The country is known for hearty dishes like svíčková (marinated beef with a creamy sauce) and trdelník (a sweet rolled pastry).
- Name Day Celebration. Besides birthdays, Czechs celebrate “name days”—each ”day of the year is associated with specific names, and people receive small gifts or greetings on their name day.
- During Easter, boys lightly whip girls with braided willow branches (called pomlázka) to “bring health and youth.” In return, girls give painted eggs or sweets.
- Cheers with Eye Contact. When toasting with beer or wine, always maintain eye contact. Failing to do so is considered bad luck or even an insult!
- Removing Shoes Indoors. It is customary to remove your shoes when entering someone’s home to keep the floors clean.
- Lentil Soup on Christmas Eve. Instead of turkey, many families enjoy lentil soup, which symbolizes wealth and good fortune for the coming year.
Top Places to Visit in the Czech Republic
Prague—The Heart of the Czech Culture & History
What to See & Do
- Prague Castle (Pražský hrad): One of the largest castle complexes in the world, dating back to the 9th century. Explore St. Vitus Cathedral, the Royal Palace, Golden Lane, and the stunning views over the city.
- Charles Bridge (Karlův most): This iconic 14th-century stone bridge connects Old Town and Lesser Town and is lined with Baroque statues, making it perfect for sunrise or evening strolls.
- Old Town Square (Staroměstské náměstí): The pulsating center with the Astronomical Clock (Orloj), Gothic Týn Church, and colorful medieval buildings. Watch the hourly clock show!
- Jewish Quarter (Josefov): Visit synagogues, the Jewish Museum, and the haunting Old Jewish Cemetery.
- Wenceslas Square (Václavské náměstí): It is a historical and commercial center surrounded by shops, restaurants, and museums.
- Vyšehrad: A historic fort offering panoramic views and peaceful gardens, often less crowded.
Cultural Experiences
- Czech Beer Culture:
- Sample world-renowned beers like Pilsner Urquell and Budvar in traditional pubs such as U Fleků or Lokal.
- Czech Cuisine:
- Try hearty dishes like goulash, svíčková (marinated beef), and trdelník (sweet rolled pastry).
- Markets:
- Havelské tržiště (Havel’s Market): Open-air market selling local crafts, fresh produce, and souvenirs.
- Christmas Markets: These are especially magical in December in Old Town Square and Wenceslas Square.
Classical Music & Theatre
Prague has a rich musical heritage—attend a concert at the Rudolfinum or the National Theatre for opera, ballet, or symphony.
Český Krumlov—A Fairytale Town
It is a UNESCO World Heritage town with cobblestone streets, Renaissance and Baroque architecture, and a dramatic castle overlooking the Vltava River.
Key Attractions:
- Český Krumlov Castle: Explore the castle museum, gardens, and the unique Baroque theatre with original stage machinery.
- Old Town: Wander through narrow lanes lined with colorful houses, quaint cafés, and artisan shops.
- Vltava River: Rent a canoe or take a boat ride to see the town from the water.
Culture & Events:
The town hosts medieval festivals, music concerts, and the annual Five-Petalled Rose Festival celebrating its history.
Kutná Hora
- Kutná Hora is renowned for the Sedlec Ossuary (Bone Church), which features artistic displays decorated with human bones.
- Visit the stunning St. Barbara’s Cathedral and explore the medieval silver mining heritage.
Plzeň (Pilsen)
- Birthplace of Pilsner beer—tour the Pilsner Urquell Brewery.
- The historic city center has the Gothic St. Bartholomew’s Cathedral.
Olomouc
- Olomouc is known for its Baroque architecture and is a lively student city with a beautiful central square called Horní náměstí.
- The city is home to the Holy Trinity Column, which is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Karlovy Vary
- It is a famous spa town with hot springs, elegant architecture, and the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival.
- Try the local herbal liqueur called Becherovka.
Culture & History Highlights
Bohemian & Moravian Traditions: Czech culture is rich in folklore, music, and crafts like glassmaking and puppetry.
History: The Czech Republic has a deep history, from the Kingdom of Bohemia to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Velvet Revolution, and EU membership. Museums like the National Museum in Prague cover this extensive history.
Czech Language: Czech is a Slavic language with unique sounds, and locals appreciate the efforts to use basic phrases.
5-Day Prague Itinerary: History, Culture & Christmas Magic
Day 1: Old Town & Historic Heart
- Old Town Square (Staroměstské náměstí): Start your exploration at Prague’s iconic center. See the Astronomical Clock—arrive on the hour to watch the animated procession of apostles.
- Týn Church & St. Nicholas Church: Wander around these stunning Gothic and Baroque churches.
- Jewish Quarter (Josefov): Visit the Old Jewish Cemetery and synagogues like the Spanish Synagogue and the Pinkas Synagogue (memorial museum).
- Christmas Market: If you visit in December, the Old Town Square market bursts with stalls selling handcrafted gifts, festive foods (like roasted chestnuts, trdelník, and mulled wine), and holiday decorations. The atmosphere is magical, with lights, music, and a large Christmas tree.
Evening: Dinner at a traditional Czech restaurant like Mlejnice or U Modré Kachničky.
Day 2: Prague Castle & Lesser Town (Malá Strana)
- Prague Castle Complex: Explore the vast castle grounds, including
- Explore the St. Vitus Cathedral and marvel at its stunning stained glass and royal tombs.
- Golden Lane—tiny, colorful houses where craftsmen and guards once lived.
- Visit the Old Royal Palace and St. George’s Basilica.
- Walk down to Malá Strana, A charming district with baroque palaces, quaint streets, and the Church of St. Nicholas.
- Charles Bridge: Walk across at sunset for stunning city and river views.
Evening: Stop for drinks or dinner at a café along the river or a cozy tavern.
Day 3: New Town & Cultural Exploration
- Wenceslas Square: The social and commercial hub with shops, cafes, and the National Museum at the top end.
- National Museum: Discover Czech history, culture, and natural history in this grand neo-Renaissance building.
- Dancing House: A modern architectural landmark, consider lunch or coffee in its rooftop restaurant with views.
- Shopping: Explore boutiques and artisan shops around Na Příkopě Street and Palladium shopping mall.
- Christmas Markets: The Wenceslas Square market complements the Old Town market with local crafts and festive foods.
Evening: Catch a performance at the National Theatre or Rudolfinum.
Day 4: Vyšehrad & Off the Beaten Path
- Vyšehrad Fortress: Wander the historic grounds and park for panoramic views over the Vltava River. Visit the Basilica of St. Peter and St. Paul and the Vyšehrad Cemetery, where many Czech cultural figures rest.
- Letná Park: Walk or bike to this large park overlooking the city, which has a famous giant metronome sculpture. It’s ideal for photos and relaxation.
- Café Culture: Spend the afternoon in a traditional Czech café like Café Louvre or Café Slavia.
Evening: Try local brews at a craft beer pub like U Kunštátů.
Day 5: Museums & Local Flavors
- Museum of Communism: Gain insight into Czech life under the communist regime.
- Kafka Museum: Learn about the life and works of Franz Kafka, Prague’s famous writer.
- John Lennon Wall: Vibrant street art with messages of peace and freedom.
- Food & Drink: Try hearty Czech dishes at Lokál Dlouhááá or U Kroka.
- Last-minute shopping: Take souvenirs like Bohemian crystal, garnet jewelry, or marionettes.
Evening: End your trip with a scenic dinner cruise on the Vltava River.
Extra Tips for Christmas Market Visitors
- Markets run from late November through early January.
- Try seasonal specialties: mulled wine (svařák), gingerbread, chimney cake (trdelník), roasted almonds, and sausages.
- Markets have live performances, nativity scenes, and family activities—perfect for festive photos.
- Dress warmly, as evenings can be cold and sometimes snowy.
Traveling to the Czech Republic is like stepping into a living fairytale. Beyond the cobbled streets of Prague and its famous castle lies a country brimming with quiet charm—bohemian towns, mystical forests, hearty food, and a resilient culture shaped by centuries of transformation. From sipping Moravian wine in South Moravia to exploring Český Krumlov’s medieval magic or hiking the sandstone cliffs of Bohemian Switzerland, the Czech Republic reveals that some of the world’s richest travel moments happen off the beaten path.